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Creative Writing Power
ライティングコース（中級）
Paragraph Coherence
In a coherent paragraph, everything sticks together. It is an
element of writing which requires that the sentences should be arranged so as to
achieve a logical organization of ideas. In coherence, sentences are put
together in such a way as to maintain a continous progression of thought
development.
There are two ways of obtaining coherence in a paragraph,
namely: A. By the order in which the sentences are
arranged and B. By structural
devices such as repetition of dominant ideas, use of connectives to bind
together and utilizing reference words clearly.
A. By the order in which the sentences are arranged.
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Space Order of Spatial Scheme - Ideas are
ordered in relation to one another and to a particular point in space. In
describing a shelf or desk, I might describe items on the left first, then move
gradually toward the right. Describing a room, I might start with what I see as
I enter the door, then what I see as I step to the middle of the room, and
finally the far side. In explaining some political or social problem, I might
discuss first the concerns of the East Coast, then those of the Midwest, then
those of the West Coast. Describing a person, I might start at the feet and move
up to the head, or just the other way around. This pattern might use such
transitions as just to the right, a little further on, to the south of
Memphis, a few feet behind, in New Mexico, turning left on the pathway, and
so on. Spatial order is pretty common in description, but can
also apply to examples, to some comparisons, some classifications [the southern
species of this bird . . . ; rhinos in Southeast Asia . . .], some narrations
[meanwhile, out on the prairie ], and other forms of exposition as
well.
Example:
Watson and the Shark
Watson and the Shark is a painting
by John Singleton Copely. In the foreground of the painting, one naked man is
being attacked by a huge gray shark in the cold and choppy seawater. One small
overloaded rowboat is near the naked man and the frightening shark. There are
nine horrified men in this rowboat. They are trying to rescue the naked man. One
young man takes a long spear and wants to kill the shark. Some people are
reaching for his hand, and some are throwing a rope for him to catch. In the
background of the painting, under the dark and cloudy sky, there are many ships
stopping in the stormy harbor. The whole painting makes people feel tension and
fear.
Homework:
Write a 100-word Descriptive Paragraph on any topic of your
choice.
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